What does the current ratio indicate about a company's financial health?

The correct choice highlights that the current ratio specifically measures a company's ability to pay its short-term liabilities. This ratio is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities, giving a quick snapshot of a company's liquidity position. A higher current ratio suggests that the company has more than enough short-term assets to cover its short-term obligations, which is a strong indicator of financial health and operational efficiency. It reflects the company's capability to turn its assets into cash to meet immediate financial commitments, which is crucial for maintaining solvency in the short term.

Other options pertain to different financial concepts: profitability, long-term obligations, and asset turnover, which the current ratio does not directly address. Thus, choosing the option related to short-term liabilities provides the most accurate insight into what the current ratio signifies.